<map version="0.7.1">
<node TEXT="Tic-Tac-ToeNET">
<cloud/>
<node TEXT="Preliminary Network construction" POSITION="right">
<node TEXT="3 units per location (Input and Output)">
<font NAME="SansSerif" SIZE="12"/>
<node TEXT="X"/>
<node TEXT="O"/>
<node TEXT="Off"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="40 Hidden Units">
<node TEXT="8 Groups">
<node TEXT="8 ways to capture">
<node TEXT="Row"/>
<node TEXT="Column"/>
<node TEXT="Diagonal"/>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="5 Units Per Group">
<node TEXT="empty line"/>
<node TEXT="friendly singlet"/>
<node TEXT="friendly doublet"/>
<node TEXT="opponent singlet"/>
<node TEXT="opponent doublet"/>
</node>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="Troubleshooting problems with generalization" POSITION="right">
<node TEXT="What is generalization">
<icon BUILTIN="help"/>
<node TEXT="The ability to respond appropriately to novel input patterns"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="What is the problem">
<icon BUILTIN="help"/>
<node TEXT="The network does not respond apropriately to novel conditions">
<node TEXT="Will increasing Hebbian learning help?">
<icon BUILTIN="help"/>
<node TEXT="A: To some degree"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="Will changing the KWTA in the hidden layer help">
<icon BUILTIN="help"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="Will adding an extra hidden layer change this">
<icon BUILTIN="help"/>
<node TEXT="Why would you do this">
<icon BUILTIN="help"/>
<node TEXT="It seems a new layer is needed so that multiple neurons can be active for each stimulus">
<node TEXT="How many units will you make in this hidden layer">
<icon BUILTIN="help"/>
<node TEXT="Why not 40?"/>
</node>
</node>
</node>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="In effect the network erases the current board position and draws its own board position"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="What kind of networks are good at generalization">
<icon BUILTIN="help"/>
<node TEXT="Networks with distributed representations">
<icon BUILTIN="attach"/>
<icon BUILTIN="idea"/>
<node TEXT="What is a distributed representation like">
<icon BUILTIN="help"/>
<node TEXT="each neuron responds to a variety of different input stimuli">
<icon BUILTIN="button_ok"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="many neurons are active for each input stimulus">
<icon BUILTIN="button_ok"/>
</node>
</node>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="Todo:">
<node TEXT="Introduce Gen_Cnt measure in graph log"/>
<node TEXT="Continue reading about generalization"/>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="Preliminary Research" POSITION="left">
<node TEXT="Problem-solving preferences of mathematics teachers: Focusing on symmetry "/>
<node TEXT="Explanation and Generalization in Young Children&apos;s Strategy Learning">
<node TEXT="One of the main ways children learn how to play is through example">
<node TEXT="Support for error-driven learning">
<node TEXT="Is Hebbian learning still needed">
<icon BUILTIN="help"/>
<node TEXT="If so, to what degree">
<icon BUILTIN="help"/>
<node COLOR="#000000" TEXT="Hebbian learning is needed as far as it must come up with new strategies on its own"/>
<node TEXT="Hebbian learning is not needed when. . .">
<node TEXT="Abstractions (strategies) are pre-programmed into the network"/>
<node TEXT="The network is able to learn strategies &quot;socially&quot; through error-driven learning and the event dialog"/>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="Young player&apos;s success depends very much on being able to generate explanations for behaviours they observe. Success over opponents depends on being able to conceal crucial information and confuse the opponent">
<node TEXT="These indicate a need for Hebbian learning because. . .">
<node TEXT="Hebbian learning can draw correlations and integrate statistical information"/>
<node TEXT="Hebbian learning is self organizing"/>
<node TEXT="Hebbian learning is greedy "/>
</node>
</node>
</node>
</node>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="Flexible Strategy Use in Young Children&apos;s Tic-Tac-Toe (Crowley and Siegler)">
<node TEXT="Tic-Tac-Toe a game with two competing goals:">
<node TEXT="Winning"/>
<node TEXT="Not Losing"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="Potential conflict between goals found to be trivial in adults">
<node TEXT="Optimal tic-tac-toe strategy insures a draw"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="Developmental progress in tic-tac-toe">
<node TEXT="5-year-old">
<node TEXT="Alternation between offense and defence"/>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="Production system framwork elaborated">
<icon BUILTIN="bell"/>
<icon BUILTIN="xmag"/>
<node TEXT="Expert Performance Production Model allows network to win or draw in all cases">
<node TEXT="How can we model this differently using emergent properties and a connectionist approach">
<icon BUILTIN="help"/>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="1. Make winning move if possible">
<icon BUILTIN="ksmiletris"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="2. Evaluate Block to see if it is needed to avoid potentially losing on the next move">
<icon BUILTIN="clanbomber"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="3. Fork Rule evaluated to determine if a win can be ensured two moves in the future">
<icon BUILTIN="ksmiletris"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="4. BFR rule evaluated to avoid potentially losing three moves in the future">
<icon BUILTIN="clanbomber"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="5. Play Center">
<icon BUILTIN="password"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="6. Play Opposite Corner"/>
<node TEXT="7. Play Empty Corner"/>
<node TEXT="8. Play Empty Side"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="Strategy statistics for various age groups">
<icon BUILTIN="attach"/>
<node TEXT="Kindergartners can win 95% block 45% Fork 0% Block Fork 0%"/>
<node TEXT="First graders can win 100% block 45% Fork 10% Block Fork 0%"/>
<node TEXT="Third graders can win 100% block 100% Fork 65% Block Fork 0%"/>
<node TEXT="Adults can win 100% block 100% Fork 82% Block Fork 65%"/>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="w. daniel hillis&apos; The Pattern on the Stone">
<node TEXT="Task of Tic-Tac-Toe reduced to logical functions"/>
<node TEXT="Tic-Tac-Toe wavers on the line between complex and simple">
<node TEXT="Crossing the line sums up the function of computation">
<node TEXT="Computation is performing tasks that seem to be complex (Tic-Tac-Toe) by breaking them down into simple operations (like closing a switch)"/>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="The nine squares each have 3 possible states">
<node TEXT="This leaves 3^9 (19,683) possible ways of filling in the grid">
<node TEXT="Obviously most of these patterns never occur in the course of a game"/>
<node TEXT="Is this a good measure of possible game space">
<icon BUILTIN="help"/>
<node TEXT="No, a better method of listing the possibilities is to make a game tree">
<icon BUILTIN="bookmark"/>
</node>
</node>
</node>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="Learning in Parallel Distributed Processing Networks: Computational Complexity and Information Content">
<node TEXT="In principle it is possible to construct networks that are Turing Universal"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="fogel&apos;s Blondie24">
<node TEXT="network used by fogel">
<node TEXT="9 input neurons">
<node TEXT="activation value of 1 for X"/>
<node TEXT="activation value of -1 for O"/>
<node TEXT="activation value of 0 for blank"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="10 hidden neurons"/>
<node TEXT="9 output neurons">
<node TEXT="activation value of 1 for X"/>
<node TEXT="activation value of -1 for O"/>
<node TEXT="activation value of 0 for blank"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="no lesioned connections according to diagram (pg.80)"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="search for Fogel&apos;s doctoral dissertation on scholar.google.com">
<node TEXT="&quot;Evolving Artificial Intelligence&quot;"/>
<node TEXT="Used an evolutionary algorithm to optimize performance"/>
<node TEXT="fogel started with randomly connected artificial neurons">
<node TEXT="1950&apos;s style">
<node TEXT="like Rosenblatt proposed"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="fogel evolved them through random variation and selection so that they could play a good game of tic-tac-toe"/>
</node>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="Number of possible games: yallara.cs.rmit.edu.au/~micfoste/Portfolio/TicTacToe.shtml (search google for possible tic-tac-toe ~8th result)">
<icon BUILTIN="licq"/>
<icon BUILTIN="bookmark"/>
<node TEXT="Level 5 games X wins">
<node TEXT="Possible Games (Level 5): (8 * 3!) * (6 * 5) = 1,440"/>
</node>
<node TEXT="Level 6 (O)">
<node TEXT="((8 * 3!) * (6 * 5 * 4)) "/>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="Novel Theory.com">
<node TEXT="Try editing source with anjuta.sourceforge.net"/>
</node>
</node>
<node TEXT="Email Brandon (brandonwatz@tulanealumni.net) make_env.css" POSITION="right"/>
</node>
</map>
